Segregation that is required by government law is called what?

• A. De facto segregation
• B. Establishment clause
• C. Free exercise clause
• D. De jure segregation

Answer: (D)

Segregation that is required by government law is de jure segregation. “De jure” means “by law,” so when the state enacts statutes or official orders that enforce separate facilities or schools for different groups, that’s segregation mandated by the government. This is different from de facto segregation, which happens in practice through social patterns, housing, or private actions rather than by a law. The Establishment Clause and Free Exercise Clause are parts of the First Amendment about religion, not about legal segregation, so they don’t describe this concept.