Federal financial aid to individuals, e.g., welfare, food stamps, agricultural subsidies.

• A. Entitlements
• B. Subsidy
• C. Bipartisanship
• D. Fiscal policy

Answer: (B)

Subsidies are government payments or supports aimed at backing particular activities or groups, which fits these examples because the federal government provides financial assistance directly to people (welfare, food stamps) and to a sector (agricultural subsidies). This term captures the idea of monetary help designed to influence behavior or provide relief, whether to individuals or producers.

Entitlements describe guaranteed benefits to eligible people under law (often funded automatically), which is a related concept but doesn’t by itself cover the mix of personal transfers and producer payments shown here. Fiscal policy is the broader use of spending and taxation to manage the economy, not a specific label for these kinds of payments. Bipartisanship refers to cross‑party cooperation, not a policy instrument.